The One Pillar Pagoda (Chùa Một Cột, or “Lien Hoa Đài” – Lotus Pedestal) is one of Hanoi’s most iconic and historically significant structures. Despite its modest size, its unique architecture and deep cultural symbolism make it a must-see landmark, often visited alongside the nearby Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum complex.
I. History & Culture
Imperial Origin and Legend: The pagoda was originally built in under the reign of Emperor Lý Thái Tông of the Lý Dynasty. Legend holds that the childless Emperor dreamt of Avalokiteshvara, the Goddess of Mercy, sitting on a radiant lotus and presenting him with a male child. To express his gratitude and commemorate the vision, he ordered the construction of a pagoda designed to resemble a lotus blossom rising from the water, symbolizing purity, enlightenment, and spiritual elevation.
Architecture and Symbolism: The pagoda’s current structure is a small wooden temple set atop a single stone pillar in the middle of a square pond. This design is highly symbolic: the lotus represents purity emerging from the muddy waters of suffering (the pond), and the overall shape reflects the traditional Vietnamese pagoda architecture.
Restoration: The original pagoda was tragically destroyed by the French Union forces in before they withdrew from Hanoi. The structure seen today was rebuilt shortly after, faithfully reproducing the unique style, although the pillar is now made of concrete.
II. Visiting the Pagoda
A visit to the One Pillar Pagoda is typically brief (), but it offers profound historical and architectural interest. Visitors climb a small set of stairs to reach the altar inside the tiny temple, which contains a statue of the Goddess of Mercy.
Best Time to Visit: Since the pagoda is located within the greater Ho Chi Minh Complex, it’s best to visit early in the morning, especially on weekdays, to avoid crowds. The pagoda’s operating hours often align with the Mausoleum.
Nearby Attractions: The pagoda is conveniently situated within walking distance of several major Hanoi sights, making it easy to incorporate into a day trip:
Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum (approx. )
Ho Chi Minh Museum
Vietnam Military History Museum
Thăng Long Imperial Citadel
III. Practical Information
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| Location | Đội Cấn, Ba Đình District, Hanoi. (Located near the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum). |
| Opening Hours | Daily, typically 7:00 AM – 6:00 PM (Some sources state 8:00 AM−5:00 PM; hours may vary depending on the Mausoleum complex schedule). |
| Entrance Fee | ∼25,000 VND (for foreign visitors). Free for Vietnamese citizens. |
| Recommended Duration | 10 to 30 minutes |
| Dress Code | As a sacred site, modest attire is required. Shoulders and knees should be covered out of respect. |
| Phone Number | (No public visitor hotline is widely listed; for up-to-date schedule information, check with a local travel agency or the Ho Chi Minh Complex administration.) |
IV. Tips for Visitors
Combine Tours: Plan to visit the One Pillar Pagoda when touring the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum and Museum, as they are all in the same Ba Đình area.
Mausoleum Schedule: Be aware that the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum complex is sometimes closed on Monday and Friday afternoons, which can affect the overall atmosphere and crowd levels at the pagoda.
Respectful Conduct: Maintain silence while inside the pagoda, avoid pointing with your feet, and follow the designated line if you wish to climb the stairs to the altar.
