The Temple of Literature () is a vital historical and spiritual destination, serving as the cultural heart of the ancient region (known as ). It is the second-largest Temple of Literature in Vietnam, surpassed only by the one in . The temple is a symbol of the region’s enduring tradition of respect for learning, celebrating academic achievement, and honoring Confucian teachings.
History and Academic Role
Ancient Origins: The temple was first established during the (), a period when Confucianism and the National Examination System () flourished.
Symbol of Learning: was historically the location of the (Provincial Exam) for the entire region. It served as the central point for intellectual and cultural life in the area.
Honoring Scholars: The temple honors () and other notable scholars. It specifically celebrates the achievements of over ( and higher) who originated from Province over 500 years—a testament to the region’s deep scholastic tradition.
National Recognition: was recognized as a in and later designated a Special National Relic in .
Architecture and Layout
The temple complex spans a vast area, designed to reflect the solemnity and hierarchy of the Confucian tradition.
Layout: The complex is symmetrically laid out, featuring the majestic (), the central () where important rites take place, and the () which houses the altars dedicated to Confucius and other sages.
Architectural Style: It exhibits classic Vietnamese temple architecture, characterized by intricate woodwork, tile roofs, and carved motifs that blend seamlessly with the tranquil surroundings of green trees and ponds.
: The main worship hall is a massive structure, reflecting the temple’s importance. The complex includes side houses ( and ) which historically served various ceremonial and administrative purposes.
Cultural Role and Festivals
Pilgrimage for Students: Like the Temple of Literature, is a major pilgrimage site for students and parents who visit to pray for academic success and high scores in examinations.
Annual Festival: The Traditional Festival () is held annually around the (typically February or March). This event is a grand celebration of the tradition of learning (), attracting thousands of visitors and featuring ceremonial rites and cultural activities.
Practical Visitor Information
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Location (Province) | Cam Dien Commune, Cam Giang District, Hai Duong Province. |
| How to Get There | From Hai Phong City, it's approximately 1 to 1.5 hours drive (about 50 km) via National Highway 5 or the Hai Phong - Hanoi Expressway. Best reached by private car or hired taxi. |
| Opening Hours | Generally 7:00 AM–6:00 PM daily (Confirm locally, sometimes 8:00 AM–5:00 PM). |
| Entrance Fee | Free (Mien Phi) – Most sources indicate no mandatory entrance fee, but donations for maintenance are welcome. |
| Contact Information | Administered by the Hai Duong Provincial Cultural Management Board. |
Tips for Visitors
Dress Code: Wear modest and respectful clothing appropriate for a religious and historical site.
Combined Trip: is often combined with visits to nearby major sites like or the historical areas of province.
Best Time to Visit: The temple is busiest during the spring festival and before major examination periods. Visit on a weekday for a quieter experience.
